Invertebrates rely on innate immunity, including humoral and cellular immunity, to resist pathogenic infection.Previous studies showed that forkhead box transcription Bird Cages factor O (FOXO) participates in mucosal immune responses of mammals and the gut humoral immune regulation of invertebrates.However, whether FOXO is involved in systemic and

Abstract Plant parasitic nematodes (PPNs) cause significant damage to crop production worldwide, leading to substantial economic losses.Conventional chemical nematicides are effective but frequently associated with environmental and health hazards.In response, biological control methods, particularly the use of microbial pesticides, have emerged as

The transmission and prevalence of Human Immunodeficiency Virus (HIV) among those employed as sex trade workers (STW) is a major public health concern.The present study describes the self-reported responses of 340 STW, at-risk for contracting HIV.The participants were recruited by selective targeting between 2009 and 2010 from within the Saskatoon

The geriatric minimal service standard (SPM) coverage in Depok has steadily decreased from 37.53% in 2013 to 11.8% in 2018.One factor affecting the problem is a lack of patient participation and the inability of posbindu (integrated service post for older people) cadres to perform their tasks.To increase the coverage of older people visiting posbin

Analgesic discography (discoblock) can be used to diagnose or treat discogenic low back pain by injecting a small amount of local anesthetics.However, recent in vitro studies have revealed cytotoxic effects of local anesthetics on intervertebral disc (IVD) cells.Here we aimed to investigate the deteriorative effects of lidocaine Archers Pick and bu